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| 养殖对虾中抗生素的残留及其健康风险 |
| Antibiotic Residues in Farmed Shrimp and Human Health Risk |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 抗生素 养殖对虾 残留 健康风险评价 |
| 英文关键词: Antibiotics Farmed shrimp Residue Health risk assessment |
| 基金项目:农业部重大农业实用技术推广基金资助项目（ZN201705） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 抗生素通常被用于对虾养殖中防治虾病。基于国内外文献资料，归纳分析了抗生素在对虾养殖中的使用情况。结果表明，1993—2016年间，已有9大类31种抗生素主要以药浴法和拌饵料口服法的给药途径应用于对虾养殖中。国内外对虾体内均有检出氯霉素、硝基呋喃类等禁用药物，且我国部分允许使用的抗生素（土霉素、恩诺沙星和磺胺类）含量超标，最高残留浓度比限值高一个数量级。水产品中的残留抗生素可能给食用人群带来潜在健康风险，目前其评价方法仍有限。对今后开展对虾体内抗生素残留研究工作提出了建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Antibiotics were commonly applied in shrimp aquaculture for disease preventing and treating. 〖JP2〗Based on domestic and foreign literature, this paper summarized antibiotics used in shrimp aquaculture, a total of 31 antibiotics in nine categories were reported for use, mainly via medicated bath and oral administration (1993—2016). Banned antibiotics (e.g., chloramphenicol and nitrofurans) were detected in shrimp at home and abroad. Residual concentrations of some authorized antibiotics in China (oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and sulfonamides) exceeded the national maximum allowable residue value, some even 10 times higher.〖JP〗 The consumerspotential health risks exposed by antibiotics via aquatic products consumption, while risk assessment methods were still limited. At last, some suggestions on the research of antibiotic residues in shrimp were provided. |
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