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| 贵阳市大气PM2.5中无机元素的组成及来源解析 |
| Composition and Source Apportionment of Inorganic Element in PM2.5 in Guiyang |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: PM2.5 无机元素 源解析 正定矩阵因子分解法 贵阳 |
| 英文关键词: PM2.5 Inorganic element Source apportionment Positive matrix factorization Guiyang |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（21767007）；贵州省科技计划基金资助项目〖JP2〗（黔科合基础［2018］1111,黔科合平台人才［2017］5726,黔科合LH字［2014］7063号)；贵阳市科技计划基金资助项目（筑科合同［2011401］社6-3号, 筑科合同［2012303］14号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2013—2014年采集贵阳市大气PM2.5样品357个，利用ICP-OES和ICP-MS检测样品中无机元素的含量。结果表明：23种元素的年均值高低依次为Na>Ca>Al>K>Mg>Fe>Cu>Zn>Mn>Pb>Ba>Cr>Ni>Sr>As=Zr>W>Rb>Ga>Bi=Ge>Co>U，其中Cr、As的年均值分别为（30±20）ng/m3和（8±5）ng/m3，超过《环境空气质量标准》（GB 3095—2012）的年均参考限值。运用正定矩阵因子分解法（PMF）来源解析表明：该市大气PM2.5的主要来源为燃煤排放源、生物质燃烧源、交通源、建筑水泥尘源、土壤风沙尘源和残油燃烧源，其贡献率分别为46.6%、21.7%、14.8%、9.0%、6.2%和17%，且有显著的季节变化特征。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A total of 357 PM2.5 samples were collected from 2013 to 2014 in Guiyang, and the inorganic element in PM2.5 samples were analyzed by using ICP OES and ICP MS, respectively. Results showed that the annual average of 23 elements content were in the order of Na＞Ca＞Al＞K＞Mg＞Fe＞Cu＞Zn＞Mn＞Pb＞Ba＞Cr＞Ni＞Sr＞As=〖JP2〗Zr＞W＞Rb＞Ga＞Bi=Ge＞Co＞U. The annual average of Cr and As were (30±20)ng/m3〖JP〗 〖JP2〗and (8±5)ng/m3, respectively, both exceeded the annual average reference value of ambient air quality standards (GB 3095—2012). Positive matrix factorization model (PMF) was applied to PM2.5 source apportionment and the results showed that coal combustion, biomass burning, motor vehicle exhaust, cement dust, soil dust and residual oil combustion were the major contributors to PM2.5 in Guiyang, with the contribution rate of 46.6%, 〖JP2〗217%, 148%, 9.0%, 6.2% and 1.7%, respectively. These six sources had distinct seasonal variation feature. |
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